10-04-2017
Introduction: Obesity, i.e. a body mass index (BMI) of >30 kg/m2, has become an epidemic condition around the world (1). Over the past few decades, obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) greater than 30, has become increasingly prevalent, reaching epidemic proportions (1). Given the association between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and kidney stones (2,3). Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is the first-line treatment for large and complex renal calculi. First time in 1976,...
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